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Comparison between Circuit Switching and Packet Switching
Packet switched networks transfer data in packets depending on the destination address in the data packets. Multiple simultaneous communications may share data in form packets. After arriving at the defined destination, packets are then reassembled into a proper sequence to create a message in the original form[1]. On the other hand, circuit switched networks involve a constant point-to-point connection to avoid data loss. Packet switching and circuit switching technologies are applied differently in communication. Packet switched networks are used in data handling while circuit switched networks are employed in cellphone calls. The two technologies have similar benefits in communication because of their efficiency and low cost. The paper discusses the difference between packet switching and circuit switching networks. Notably, the choice of a communication network depends on the communication mode.
Circuit switching is a connection-oriented network where a connection session is created before any data is shared. In circuit switching, the stream of data is conveyed the same way it is sent. In packet switching data transfer network, there are no connections needed. In connectionless communication, data packets are addressed separately and routed depending on the information carried in each packet[2]. Under connectionless communication, data is shared from one end to another without any arrangement. The sender transmits data from one end without caring if the receiver is available or not. A data unit transmitted in a connectionless mode is called a diagram.
Circuit switches were initially designed for voice communication. In circuit switching, two network nodes create a communication channel over a network before the nodes can communicate. The communication channel expires when the communication session is over. The circuit works as if the network nodes were materially connected with an electrical circuit. A good example of this type of network is the analog telephone network[3]. Packet switches are designed for data transmission. Data transmission in packet switching is achieved by breaking data into packets or data units. The packets have both sender’s address and the recipient’s address. Moreover, sending of data to the recipient does not necessarily require any connection between the devices. Data transmitted into packets rearranges itself into the original form when the packets get into the receiver.
Circuit switches are considered inflexible because once a path is established; all the parts of the transmission follow the same route. Similarly, only two nodes that have set up a communication channel are allowed to communicate at a given time. Only two devices can communicate in a circuit switch network for a specified period. A failure of on node in a circuit switch network leads to failure in communication. Moreover, communication cannot continue without a well-established connection between two nodes. On the other hand, packet switching is flexible because packet transfer does not require the establishment of any links between the nodes. The packages are safe because they contain the address of the recipient and the sender. In the case where packets are not delivered to the addressee, it is possible to transfer them back to the sender since they have the address of the sender. In packet switching, data can be sent even if the recipient is not connected established between the sender and the recipient. A type of communication where a connection between the sender and the receiver is not mandatory when sending data is referred to as connectionless communication.
In circuit switching network, the message is transmitted in an orderly manner from the sender to the receiver. This is because data is not broken into any form. However, in packet switching network, data is sent in an unorderly manner because it is first broken into packets or data units before being transmitted to the receiver. Data units in packet switching are sent out of order and later assembled at the destination.
Circuit switching is achieved by either using space division switching or time division switching while packet switching has datagram approach and virtual circuit approaches. There is an additional delay in packet switch network because switches can only send the packet after it has completed receiving it whereas in a circuit switch there are no such delays. Moreover, regarding data carrying capacity, a packet switch mechanism carries more information than circuit switch on the same cables.
Implementation of the circuit switch model is achieved at the physical layer of the Open System Interconnection Model (OSI)[4]. This is the lowest layer in the OSI model. The physical layer describes mechanical, electrical and interfaces to the physical device[5]. This layer also is responsible for carrying signals for all the layers of OSI model. On the other hand, packet switch is implemented in the network layer of the OSI model. The network layer provides practical and procedures for transmitting data from the sender to the receiver using more than one than one network layer.
Circuit switching and packet switching are applied in different technologies in communication. The choice of each technology depends on the purpose of communication. Circuit switching is implemented in voice communication while packet switching is applied in data transmission. However, every technology has its advantages and disadvantages.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bibliography
Van Heddeghem at al., “A power consumption sensitivity analysis of circuit-switched versus packet-switched backbone networks.” Computer Networks 78 (2015): 42-56.
 
[1] Van Heddeghem at al., “A power consumption sensitivity analysis of circuit-switched versus packet-switched backbone networks.” Computer Networks 78 (2015): 42-56.
 
[2] Ibid
[3] Van Heddeghem at al., “A power consumption sensitivity analysis of circuit-switched versus packet-switched backbone networks.” Computer Networks 78 (2015): 42-56.
 
[4] Van Heddeghem at al., “A power consumption sensitivity analysis of circuit-switched versus packet-switched backbone networks.” Computer Networks 78 (2015): 42-56.
 
[5] Ibid
 

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