Parental involvement in curriculum preparation for arts subject
Table of Contents
Introduction. 3
Background of the study. 3
The Context 4
Purpose of study. 4
Research questions. 5
Sub questions. 5
Justification. 5
Literature review.. 6
Review of existing knowledge. 10
Critical assessment 10
Relevance. 11
Design & Conduct 11
Methods. 11
Data collection. 12
Justification. 12
Ethics. 12
Limitations. 12
Analysis of Data. 12
Interpretation of results. 13
Key findings. 13
Discussion. 14
Conclusions. 14
Implications for practice and future research. 15
Modifications. 15
References. 16
Introduction
Education is mandatory to develop skills, enhance capabilities and establish a good lifestyle. It brings awareness and wisdom to analyze things and evaluate them in an order that support the daily processes of life. Primary education is the essential stage of learning of children in which they begin to learn basic concepts and values that goes with them for the life time. Educational institutions are funded and governed by state authorities to provide best of educational facilities to children in the country and develop them as skillful and reproductive citizens. Being a mother, I am deeply interested in the issue of parental involvement in children curriculum preparation for arts subjects. Due to my experience, I have learnt that it is essential to have a constant involvement in child education and curriculum preparation in order to know about progress in learning and need for new efforts. Since arts is an integral part of early education, I would research on this topic to explore different aspects of it.
Background of the study
Children are immature. They need guidance and support of adults to understand situations, make decisions and learn to run the key aspects of life. The childhood stage is the period where the cognitive development is in the progress and need constant monitoring of adults. Parents are the most influential relation who can look after physical and emotional needs of a child and help him excel in his life by developing capabilities. In order to do so, education is a vital key to unlock learning opportunities and enhancing skills that are otherwise not possible. A child might get regular attention from school but he needs parental involvement as well. He would respond to the curriculum provided as the way elders would want him to. Therefore, Parents are responsible to see that what the child is learning in school. Preparation of arts curriculum helps child to explore new things by means of interesting activities.
The Context
School, home and student is the basic trio of child’s perfect educational set up. As illustrated in the figure below, involvement of parent in curriculum makes the subtle arrangement of education and personality development for children. If parents are involved in the preparation of curriculum of arts, it would be easier for them to review the performance of students in arts subject and likewise plan for the future educational activities.
Academic achievement of child depends upon not only the education quality but also on involvement of parent. Since teachers are confined to their professional duties only, it is a moral and ethical job of parents to see the progress of their child in academics and pay attention to lapses and need for new actions. This report will quest about parental involvement in child’s education and its impact on children. As the child moves from Montessori to primary and primary to secondary stage of education, his developmental needs shift to another level. The physical, social, psychological and cognitive needs change and need guidance of parents for a stable personality development.
Purpose of study
The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the understanding about parental involvement in child education in general and preparation of arts curriculum, in particular. The study will explore the topic by conducting a small action research in order to gain explicit results about the issue.
Research questions
The main research question for the report is:
How does parental involvement in preparation of arts curriculum affect child educational learning about arts subject?
Sub questions
Further integration of research questions for the study are:
Why parental involvement does is necessary for children
How does a child perceive parental involvement in his educational activities?
Does parent-teacher partnership influence children’s academic achievement capability?
Justification
The justification to select this topic for study is the mandatory role of parents in child’s life. Parents are the closest relation to children whom they can look up for comfort, emotional security and life assistance. Since education is the basic element in individual’s personality, the report will also explore the influence of parental involvement in preparation of arts curriculum and its impact on child’s learning of arts subject. Moreover, it is important to explore that how does parental involvement can affect child’s education.
Literature review
Parental involvement is needed to support child’s academic activities at home and identify the lapses and strengths in progress of child (CEP, 2012). The literature review explores the role of parental involvement and its effects through e vidence based studies conducted by researchers.
One of such studies is a research article by Gina and Ronel who explored the impact of positivist and pessimist parents who involve and do not get involve in their child’s education (Gina Madrigal Sapungan, 2014). After thorough discussion with the help of evidences, researchers concluded that there is a definite change in child’s attitude and performance in academic activities when parents are involved in their educational matters. Children who seek attention of parents while academic activities, tend to have more interest in achieving good grades and adjusting themselves in the goals of academic life as compared to those children who do not receive such attention. Pessimist parents who do not care about child’s educational performance tend to have less productive and creative kids than attentive parents. Moreover, social adjustment is an additional benefit gained by paying attention to child’s education which is mandatory in developing children’s stable personality for social interaction.
Nermeen and Heather explored the changes in performance of children in third and fifth grade who get involvement of parents in their education. The sample of 1364 students was collected from NICHD, study of youth and child development to analyze the impact of parent’s role in child’s educational development. After thorough analysis, it is concluded that children seek positive influence from parents’ involvement (Rosli, 2016). They feel attentive and monitored that impacts their moral, emotional and academic progress. Problem solving behavior is also nourished with the help of parents’ guidance (Nermeen E. El Nokali, 2011). Students who are checked and monitored by their parents for their academic achievement, achieve higher grades and deal social problems in school more maturely.
A research article by Fasina to explore the parental role in child education in Nigeria and its influence on child’s performance also obtained the positive conclusion (Fasina, 2011). The researcher conducted the study by giving self-administered questionnaire to respondents and later analyzing their response through ANOVA testing. After analysis, it was concluded that parent’s involvement in early education of children is essential to help them grow into productive citizens and maintain a strong base of academic concepts. Those parents who get involved in child’s education, enjoy child’s rapid growth in academics and over all socially adjustability (Wikelund, 2016).
A report published by Centre of education policy in George Washington university state that parental role, motivation and beliefs affect the child’s academic achievement in positive manner. There is a pertinent impact on child’s positive mind set towards education when he sees parents taking direct action and attention for his studies. Apart from parental involvement, family background such as culture and income level are also found to be influential on child’s educational achievements (CEP, 2012). Therefore, it is mandatory for parents to pay special attention to their child’s healthy attitude for studies and performance in education related activities in order to establish a base for his skillful and qualified personality.
Javid’s research identified specific impacts of parent’s involvement in child’s education. He collected the evidence from various existing studies which conducted the research and collected authentic result derived from analyses. The article present facts that parent’s involvement helps students to maintain a schedule of doing homework and preparing for exams (Jafarov, 2015). Supportive collaboration in the university is another benefit of involvement of parents. Students become more supportive and collaborative when they are taught by parents to become social and deal with issues of interacting people (Acosta-Hathaway, 2008).
Another report by Pete Hsu & Jared Nielson for kamehameha schools research & evaluation division state that the involvement of parents leave a positive impact on child’s education. The expectations of parents influence the motivation of child to perform better in exams and achieve good grades. At Montessori level, the level of child’s keenness and eagerness to learn is highly dependent on the attitude and response of parents due to which he learns and attend school regularly. The report also claims that at higher secondary level, students are still influenced by the level of involvement of parents in their educational matters. The cumulative GPA i.e. CGPA of a child is affected if it is tied to parent’s expectations, fear of parent’s wrath or disappointment (Nielson, 2009). Therefore, at all levels of education, parents need to pay attention to their child’s development so that the child can get good grades. The direct involvement of parents in arts curriculum subject result in less flaws in homework, consistency with the academic schedule, healthy competition in the class and an obvious increase in class participation. The attention of parents result in rise in child’s confidence and establish his persuasion to study hard for art subject and try on new things (French, 2013).
Children who seek support of their parents in arts education, tend to have higher grades and clear conceptuality than children who do not receive parental guidance. Constant presence of parents in child’s educational matters increases his confidence and reveal the lapses of learning process to parents. The parent then can work on the child’s development in education particularly arts subject with the help of institution and help him to be a good student. (Fo, 2011)
Unfortunately, sometimes parents are not involved in child’s education. They tend to ignore this important aspect of child’s personality by putting the child into high quality educational institution. By doing so, they expect every result from efforts of teachers to maintain the interest of child by ignoring the importance of their own role in child’s life (Upitis, 2011). A research by Chinedu identifies parent school partnership as a medium to connect parents with school and take interest in the child’s education (Okeke, 2014). The paper establish a relation of teacher and parents to take interest in child’s education and help him grow into a good student. Mutual collaboration of teachers and parents helps the child to maintain academic standard and attain good grades.
A report by ministry of education in New Zealand prepared by A. Bull, K. Brooking and R. Campbell present some benefits of engaging parents into school performance of students by formation of home-school partnership. The report state that the partnership of school and home result in two way communication between parents and teachers. Students feel secured and monitored when the two way communication is being held (Bull, 2008). The multidimensional benefits of home school partnership project for child’s not only academic prosperity but also for his social and moral adjustment in educational institution. Parents-teacher meetings being held at school are an important part of home school partnership through which parents can seek opinion of teachers and come to know about the performance of children. It is also essential for parents to know about shortcomings of child that is hindering the process of positive personality development and good academic achievement (Rooney, 2004). The frequency of meetings and interaction between teachers and parents either through nonverbal means i.e. diary notes or messaging, result in enhanced motivation of students and consequent good grades. Apart from good grades, report state, home school partnership helps in building the right attitude of students towards the academic performance and building interest and consistency in academic activities such as doing homework regularly, class participation, being motivated for exams, etc. this is essential to maintain the positive attitude of students which goes with them throughout their academic life. Students are needed to be monitored with right attitude in order to keep them motivated towards good performance. The right kind of attitude towards academics establish the grounds of student performance and develop his interest towards study. Therefore, the report strongly urge parents to be in consistent contact with school administration and teachers to help their child grow into a qualified person with clear conceptuality (James Flood, 2015).
Review of existing knowledge
The review of existing knowledge provides various points. It is learn from the review of various studies and reports that the student performance is not dependent on the parental involvement but it is evidently fostered when the attention is achieved. Parents involved in child’s education get better grades than those who are not involved. Children feel attentive and monitored when parents take interest in their academic activities. Homework and examination performance are improved and better grades are achieved by students who have parental involvement (Goldberg, 2016). Moreover, the involvement of parents also result in child’s rapid social adjustment, critical skill of conflict resolution and development of a stable personality. The review section also studied that collaboration between teachers and parents result in high performance of children. It is essential for children to feel that their performance is being monitored by home and school both. The collaboration between parents and teacher is mandatory to help child develop explicit concepts.
Critical assessment
Critically, if the literature is reviewed, the gap is found in the studies that what could be the result if parents are not involved in child’s education. All studies and reports present the benefits and perks of parental involvement for children but they do not discuss the contradictory scenario and its consequences that how does absence of parental involvement can adversely affect the child. Moreover, the gap is also found in the review as it does not entail discussion on psychological health of children if their parents are involved in their educational activities.
Relevance
However, the gaps can be filled by studying more studies on identified issues. Review can be extended to find out the relevant literature on the gaps. Currently, all studied relate to the research topic in which parental involvement in child education is discussed as a main concept. The review is relevant to establish a strong base as a secondary data needed to support the information collected in primary data section. The collection of both primary and secondary data support the process of discussion through which the conclusion will be derived. Therefore, the literature review presents sufficient data to discuss the issue and derive an evidence based conclusion.
Design & Conduct
The design of study is action research. A small action research is taken to explore studies about the issue and identify main elements and conclusion about the issue. The research is based on the review of various evidence based studies, reports and books to find out the potential impact of parental involvement in preparation of arts curriculum in particular and in child’s education generally.
Methods
The method of research is descriptive. Qualitative data is collected from existent literature in order to study the aspects of parental involvement in preparation of arts curriculum and various impacts of whole educational learning in general.
Data collection
The data is collected in review section by using specific key words. Parental involvement in child education, role of parents in preparation of curriculum, how does parents can influence child’s learning of arts subjects, etc. are some of phrases used to collect the data from different databases, reports and books.
Justification
The justification of selecting this method is the relevance of data collection technique to the nature of research issue. The quantitative technique would not be useful for the research issue as it requires the view of professional researchers in order to determine an evidence based conclusion. Therefore, the justified method of data collection is the review of various studies.
Ethics
The research has implied ethics of not copying the work of others in the data collection. Rather, a comprehensive summary entailing various elements of the research study in a way that it presents relevant data for the research issue is the technique used in this research. By doing do, plagiarism has been avoided and original work is presented to the reader.
Limitations
The research is limited to collect the data about child’s education and preparation of arts curriculum only. There could be other aspects included if the research scope is more broadened. Currently, research is limited to the topic of curriculum of arts preparation and child education that seeks influence of parental involvement.
Analysis of Data
The data collected in the literature review section has studied different journal articles, reports and books to present a comprehensive summary. It is analyzed from the review of collected data that the parental involvement in child’s education leaves a positive impact on child’s learning. Parents set goals of learning for the child whilst knowing about the curriculum and its contents. The involvement of parents increase child’s learning and increase parental confidence on the teaching methodology. The data also present the fact that there is a need to reshape the mode of parental involvement. Educational institutions can devise suitable strategies to involve parents in the educational activities and plan for the curriculum of arts. Since arts is the basic subject through children can learn new concepts, the involvement of parent will provide useful elements that are to be considered while imparting knowledge to children about arts and its contents. Parents can also set realistic goals for their child knowing that he is learning the relevant course which would be helpful for him in future.
Interpretation of results
The results of the research indicate the need for parent’s involvement in arts subject. They are the supreme care takers of children and thus, are capable of playing a radical role in the learning process of arts subject. Moreover, the involvement of parents increases the confidence of child and boost interest in learning new things. The results of report also highlight that parents share a unique emotional bond with their children that helps children to become a creative learner in future.
Key findings
The key findings of the report are:
Involvement of parents in the preparation of arts curriculum is one of the best ways to increase child’s interest in arts subjects.
Children feel secure and confident in their learning performance when the parents are interested in his educational activities.
Parents’ monitoring can affect the child’s learning and raises the quality of concepts in children.
Teachers find it helpful to communicate with parents who are involved in the education of children.
Discussion
The research provides a succinct picture of how parental involvement can affect the child’s educational learning and how arts curriculum development through parents can make difference in child’s performance. The main result derived from the research state that children seek positive influence from the involvement of parents. It is important for children’s engagement and interest development to make difference in the quality of education difference. Development of arts curriculum with the help of parents is closely linked to higher performance of child in the arts subject and parent’s experience with arts subject study and monitoring. When parents settle goal for child’s learning about arts subject, children are better monitored and evaluated for their performance in arts subject.
Conclusions
The research report has concluded that parental involvement in child’s art subject curriculum preparation increase their learning. Also, it impacts the monitoring quality of parents for child’s performance in arts since they know the goal to be achieved. It is concluded that when parents are involved in child’s education, it provides emotional security to children and engages them to develop clear concepts. Children also understand the importance of subject curriculum and prepare themselves to perform better in the class. Arts subjects are mandatory for early learning of child due to which involvement of parents is encouraged. Interaction strategies are developed to make sure that child is learning what the institution has aimed for. When parents are involved in the preparation of curriculum, they are more capable to handle issues of study and prepare the child for high performance.
Implications for practice and future research
The research has implications for practice and future research in the same field. The conclusion of this research can be taken as a base to form a plan for extended research for more future studies on the similar issues.
Modifications
The modification in the research project can be maintained with the help of book reviews, extracting more data from journals, digging deep into reports and presenting more facts about the research issue.
References
Acosta-Hathaway, O. M., 2008. Ethnic Minority Parent Involvement and Leadership in Successful Dual Immersion Programs, s.l.: ProQuest.
Allan, A. et al. (2009) Curriculum Leadership: Strategies for Development and Implementation.
California: SAGE
Bull, K. B. a. R. C., 2008. Successful Home-School Partnerships, s.l.: Ministry of Education, New Zealand.
CEP, 2012. What Roles Do Parent Involvement, Family Background, and Culture Play in Student Motivation?, s.l.: Center on Education Policy.
Fasina, F. F., 2011. The Role of Parents in Early Childhood Education: A Case Study of Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria. Global Journal of Human Social Science, 11(2), pp. 1-11.
Fo, J. E., 2011. Art in Early Childhood: Curriculum Connections. [Online]
Available at: http://www.earlychildhoodnews.com/earlychildhood/article_view.aspx?ArticleID=113
[Accessed 6 march 2017].
French, G., 2013. The Place of the Arts in Early Childhood Learning and Development.. s.l.: Commissioned paper from the Arts Council, Ireland.
Gina Madrigal Sapungan, R. M. S., 2014. Parental Involvement in Child’s Education: Importance, Barriers and Benefits. Asian Journal of Management Sciences & Education , 3(2), pp. 42-48.
Goldberg, M., 2016. Arts Integration: Teaching Subject Matter Through the Arts in Multicultural Settings, s.l.: Routledge.
Jafarov, J., 2015. Factors Affecting Parental Involvement in Education: The Analysis of Literature. Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 18(4), pp. 35-44.
James Flood, D. L., 2015. Handbook of Research on Teaching Literacy Through the Communicative and Visual Arts, Volume II: A Project of the International Reading Association, s.l.: Routledge.
Kelly A.V. (2009) The Curriculum: Theory and Practice. Sage.
Koshy, V. (2010) Action Research for Improving Educational Practice – A Step-by-Step Guide.
2nd Edition. Sage: London
Nermeen E. El Nokali, V.-D., 2011. Parent Involvement and Children’s Academic and Social Development in Elementary School. Child Dev. , 81(3), p. 988–1005..
Nielson, P. H. &. J., 2009. Impact of Family Involvement on Education, s.l.: kamehameha schools r e search & evaluation division.
Okeke, C. I., 2014. Effective home-school partnership: Some strategies to help strengthen parental involvement. South African Journal of Education,, 34(3), pp. 1-9.
Rooney, R., 2004. Arts-Based Teaching and Learning , s.l.: WESTAT .
Rosli, N. B., 2016. Parental Involvement on Students‟ Learning Abilities and Achievement in the English Subject. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 6(2), pp. 103-106.
Upitis, D. R., 2011. Arts Education for the Arts Education for the Development of the Whole Child, s.l.: ETFO.
Wiles J. (2008) Leading Curriculum Development. Corwin Press*
Wikelund, K. R., 2016. Parent Involvement in Education, s.l.: SEIC.
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