Claim: Abortion is not wrongful killing
Argument
P1: Unborn babies or immature pregnancies are yet to become persons
P2: The human right of life is applicable only to humans
P2: The act of abortion is an exercise of choice to terminate a pregnancy
C: Abortion is not wrongful killing
Discussion:
Unborn babies are still in the formation period and before their gestation period in their mother’s womb end; they are not fully functional as a person. Their immaturity also arises because they are yet to possess a consciousness that defines a person from another. The unborn are unable to participate in daily activities that people engage in, furthermore unborn babies do not possess a mind with the ability to think. They are dependent on everything other than growth and rely on their mothers for every type of nourishment including oxygen supply. Unborn babies possess other characteristics of life as growing and having a human genetic makeup just like other body organs like kidney and heart do possess. An unborn baby is not person since they have no self-rationality and a capacity to survive physically.
To assume personhood and enjoy human rights of life, one has to demonstrate that they meet the minimal criterion of being a human being and that is having a conscious. The right of life protects the life of a human from intentional killing by another human. However, this right cannot be extended to the unborn; they do not yet possess a consciousness. To be human and assume innocence whose life is protected under the human right of life, one has to have a self-capacity of exercising choice. Babies still in pregnancies might possess a self but cannot be able to choose and therefore have not right to enjoy as humans.
In P3, choosing abortion is akin to agreeing to any other surgical operation on one’s body. Pregnancies are biological process in reproduction and the pregnancy holder can choose to keep the pregnancy and reproduce another human. However, the pregnancy does not become an independent life until successful birth of the new human. The pregnancy holder has to choose whether to allow the pregnancy to grow out of her bodily resources for the gestation period of nine months or to terminate it when she finds it uncomfortable. The pregnancy remains the possession of the pregnant woman until successfully giving birth when the newly born now becomes a society property under the care of the mother. Abortion therefore cannot be termed as a wrongful act of killing.
Objection:
Abortion is murder and therefore morally wrong. The unborn are living humans whose life should be protected. Intentional killing is murder moreover morally; persons do not approve murder and therefore should not murder others. Human life should be protected as it begins conception.
Reply:
Arguments against abortion on the condition of forbidding killing of human life classify babies are living and human. The argument comes out as biased because it specifically applies to unborn babies and leaves out other possible applications like on cancer cultures growing independently in human bodies. Cancer cultures also fit the condition of being human and living and therefore if the moral argument against killing were to hold, then it would have to override patients’ approval of the removal of cancerous cells. Abortion is an exercise of choice to terminate a pregnancy prematurely and is not murder. Even though unborn babies are alive, they are yet to be humans capable of enjoying human rights.
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