Introduction
Air pollution is defined as the emission of chemical and biological materials to the atmosphere which have adverse effect on the lives of human beings and other living organisms. Eventually, the natural environment is interfered with hence contaminating the gaseous cycle. What is famous termed as air pollution is scientifically known as the depletion of stratospheric ozone. Such depletion threatens human life and different ecosystems. In other words, any substance in the air capable of causing harm to human and the environment qualifies to be a pollutant (Cheremisinoff & Nicholas, 79).
The sources of such pollutants have through out time been misperceived to be from factories only. However, there is a persuading literature which shows that indoor pollution and urban air quality are categorized in two biggest categories of the worst pollutants of air. Pollutants of air are classified into two. There are primary pollutants and secondary pollutants (Cooper & Alley, 838).
Primary air pollutants sources are classified as the emissions which are released direct to the atmosphere through a process such as the carbon monoxide from a motor vehicle. The guiding principle in distinguishing the primary and secondary air pollution is the fact that in primary air pollution, the pollutants are directly emitted to the atmosphere (Cheremisinoff & Nicholas, 80).
It has been discovered that many of the pollutants which form the primary air pollution are mainly products of human beings activities. For instance, Sulphur Oxides is emitted by volcanoes but the greatest percentage of Sulphur Oxides in the atmosphere today is produced by industrial processes. Carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide are the main forms of primary pollutants (Holgate, 116). The most devastating form of primary pollutants is the oxidation of sulphur dioxide in the presence of Nitrogen Oxide. The end results of the oxidation forms acid rain which destroys the environment. The list of air pollutants is lengthy since every tiny particle in the air which harms environment qualifies to be a pollutant (Jördening, Hans-Joachim & Josef Winter, 440).
In recent years, air pollution has become extremely alarming and various technological methods have been devised to reduce air pollution. There are several methods of maintaining control of air pollution. Bio filtration is one of the major methods of air pollution. It is said to be one of the most effective air pollution controller. Biofiltration is a unique way of controlling air pollution by using micro organisms such as fungi. The microorganisms used in the control are mainly to make sure that the pollutants dissolve in them (Hesketh & Howard, 492).
Many air pollutants stay in the atmosphere for a long period of time and the only effective way to get rid of them is by dissolving them in microorganisms. The said method has been applied extensively and industries have widely used it to make sure that their waste is properly dissolved. Despite the effectiveness of Bio filtration, many industries have disregarded it since it requires a large piece of land or space to operate. The requirement of a large space has hindered the application of the method since many industries have limited space (Cooper & Alley, 836).
Conclusion
Air pollution is increasing at a rapid speed. There are different sources of air pollution. Both primary and secondary air pollutions have a detrimental effect to the environment. A control method is required to limit air pollution. The control of air pollution should change from people focusing on industries but also indoor sources of pollution. Bio filtration is one of the major methods air pollution control. It requires much space for it to be operationalized.
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