Question for Final
Diagnosis poses considerable danger to clients with respect to their functionality. It may lower the self image and/or increase fear of ridicule and rejection. Apart from the psychological effects, diagnosis can also affect the social and economic lifestyle of an individual. This may include educational placement, career opportunities, and health amongst other aspects of life. Relative to career opportunities, diagnosis is instrumental in the issuance of occupational practice licenses. In healthcare, a DSM diagnosis determines an individual’s legibility to health insurance. Identifiers employed in diagnosis contribute to some of these harms. In Rosenhan’s case, they can favor diagnosis even when it is unjustified. Diagnosis of pseudo-patients proved that none of them were normal. However, the diagnosis showed no symptoms even the patients denied the existence of recurrent voice that had gotten them admitted.
Ethical considerations in diagnosis/testing can be hugely beneficial. The most significant thing to consider is the availability of concrete information from the target population. Alternative options are required especially where concrete data are not obtained for cultural groupings. The second consideration is the proper test examination for content bias. This is the differential familiarity of test items with different groups. Lastly, a proper way to evaluate test reports should be considered. This is crucial to eliminate discrimination of test between culturally diverse populations.
Unconscious fiscal convenience is behavior that overshadows sound judgment and integrity in health issues due to monetary considerations. For example, continued treatment of a patient after recovery and without acceptance by third party. This is unethical since it undermines respect for autonomy of the clients. Clients are entitled to freedom of choice without constraints from others.
The influence of third parties is relevant , and their choice should also be respected whenever they have reached an agreement with the client as they are responsible for the welfare of their client.
There are several competence elements that a supervisor should possess. First and foremost, supervisors should possess counseling skills such as case assessment, intervention, conceptualization, management, record keeping, and outcome evaluation. In short, they should be good counselors. Secondly, supervisors should be consistent in their traits and attitudes pertaining to their role. In addition, they should be well versed with supervision aspects of ethics, regulations, and legal aspects. Another element is familiarity with the supervisory methods and techniques. Also, supervisors require professional and personal knowledge regarding the supervisory relationship with the supervisees. In addition to counseling potential, supervisors are required to develop and evaluate counseling performance on their supervision. Furthermore, supervisors should have broad researching skills on issues related to supervision.
Supervisors should also have informed consent about supervision. First, they are required to know the supervision objectives. The other aspect is about the qualification and credentials of supervisors. Other elements include supervision logistics; process and procedures; performance evaluation; ethical and legal awareness and their working contract and guidelines.
In situations where the supervisees encounter problems in dealing with clients, the supervisor should use the remedial plan stipulated in the guidelines. This helps the supervisor to ensure equality of both parties in handling the issue. However, the client is given first priority.
On the other hand, if a junior encounters a personal problem, he/she should seek counseling session to present the case. In return, the supervisor is expected to handle the case with empathy and great understanding.
Research relating to human subjects is guided by certain ethical requirements. These entail the development of acceptable research protocols, protection of participants’ rights during the process, presentation of accurate and fair outcomes, as well as cooperation among colleagues.
Likewise, in a supervisory role, participants in research should have informed consent about research. Therefore, they should know about the research objectives, qualifications, logistics, process and procedures, as well as ethical and legal awareness about the research.
As far as ethical misconduct is concerned, there are several steps taken. Whenever people discover that they have committed an ethical misconduct, they should report to the respective authority within the organization. Failure to report may trigger a complaint against the individual.
In regards to an ethical misconduct by a counselor, an informal approach can be used to resolve the issue with other counselors. This approach is aimed at protecting the rights of the counselor involved. On the contrary, if the ethical misconduct is not feasible or an informal approach is inappropriate, an alternative course of action can be taken by the counselors. One of the alternatives involves reporting the suspect to the ethics committees. This alternative is the most appropriate unless it is interfering with personal rights that are unavoidable. Upon investigation, the ethics committee shall deliver a verdict. The verdict may include dismissing the case, issuing a sanction, or pressing charges against the accused.
Sanctions are issued if the committee finds that, although the ethical misconduct happened, it can be resolved devoid of the formal charges. These sanctions involve reprimanding, loss of a practicing license, criminal sanctions, and expulsion.
Once a complainant has been raised regarding ethical misconduct, cooperation with an ethic committee is required. Cooperation involves submitting all the needed information. In addition, one should not evade the inquiry by resigning. This is prohibited once the proceedings start.
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