Introduction
The health care sector has continued to face with numerous challenges in the modern times. Nonetheless, the health care providers have had to come with innovative strategies to meet the challenges that are observed in the health care sector. In the recent times, nurses have been forced to work outside the hospital environment while discharging their duties. In this respect, the nurses work within a community context that focuses on both individuals and families. In addition, there is an emerging trend where nurses are working with communities as their clients. In this case, it can be noted that the trends in nursing have significantly changed (World Health Organization, 2010). This article reviews the chapter in a book entitled “Using Health Education and Group Process in the Community”. This chapter was written by Lisa L. Onega and Edie Devers Barbero, and covers pages 188 to 214. This chapter was published in the book “Foundations of Nursing in the community (Community Oriented Practice)” that was authored by Marcia Stanhope and Jeanette Lancaster.
Chapter Outline
This chapter discus various aspects related to health. The chapter outlines its objectives to the students. The main objectives of the chapter include a discussion on the ways in which individuals can learn. It also describes the effective principles and methodologies of issuing guidelines. The chapter also identifies the aspects that impact on how a group functions. In addition, the chapter analyzes the ways through which nurses can utilize the groups in promoting health education among the people. The last objective of the chapter is to facilitate the description of ways that nurses can engage with groups in an effort to address health objectives.
In achieving the above stated objectives, the chapter has been divided into various sections that address the various health issues. The main aspects addressed in the chapter include: Healthy people 2010 educational objectives; Education and learning; How people learn; Working to effectively educate groups; group concepts; promoting health through group education; Community education and its contribution to community life and Working with groups to meet community health goals.
Healthy people 2010 educational objectives
In this section of the chapter, the objectives of “Healthy people 2010” document have been analyzed. It is noted that the document establishes various health needs that should be improved and how this is to be achieved. Notably, it has been suggested that community-based educational programs can be used in meeting and sustaining some of the objectives listed in the document. The objectives outlined in the Healthy people 2010 document emphasizes on the need to educate the different individuals on health issues. It is asserted that once a nurse identifies the health issue in a population, the health education program should be designed to address the health issue that has been identified.
Education and learning
Under this subtopic, the chapter emphasizes on the importance of information acquisition in ensuring improved health decisions. Knowles, Holton, and Swanson (2005) argue that education and learning are critically different aspects. In this respect, it has been noted that education involves establishing and arranging events that assists the learning process. On the other hand, learning has been defined variously. However, the notion of a measurable change in behavior that is continuous is common among the definitions. Therefore, it can be deduced that learning involves that acquisition of knowledge or expertise.
How people learn
It is noted that there has been a change in the way individuals learn. Initially, learning embraced what the sponge or vessel strategy. In the sponge approach, the information was ‘spread out’ by the teacher for the one learning.In the vessel strategy, the one learning had to collect the information ‘poured’ by the teacher. Learning is an active process that involves the teacher and the learner. Basically, the learners agree to information based on various factors such as their awareness, beliefs, and cultural aspects among others. In addition, social groups are also critical in affecting the learning process given that learning is a social process.There are various categories of educational principles including “those associated with the nature of learning, the events of instruction, and guidelines for effective educator” (p. 191).
Working to effectively educate groups
Essentially, groups can be instrumental in initiating changes for individuals, families, organizations and the community. Formation of groups is a common occurrence, and they can influence the aspect of health within the community. It has to be acknowledged that groups emerge for various reasons. In this case, groups form to achieve a certain purpose. Also, the groups are formed due to shared values, interests and activities. The other reason behind group formation is personal attributes that act as an attraction for individuals to form a group. Groups can either be ongoing or short-term. Groups can be used in bringing change that would enhance individual or community health. For effective understanding of the community and its health issues, nurses have to first of all identify the various groups present.
Group concepts
The chapter identifies that for any health provider to work effectively with the
World Health Organization. (2010). A framework for community health nursing education.
Retrieved from http://www.searo.who.int/LinkFiles/Regional_Initiatives_SEA-NUR-467.pdf
Promoting health through group education; Community education and its contribution to
community life and Working with groups to meet community health goals
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