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TOK Theory of Knowledge

Introduction
Knowledge has been defined as any familiarity of an individual on facts or information which is gotten through experience or learning. The definition of knowledge leaves it a point of having practical or theoretical understanding. It is worth noting that the definition of knowledge is rare. The need to define knowledge has been witnessed and different scholars have strived to harmonize different elements of knowledge to come up with a conclusive definition of knowledge. On the other hand, ethical and moral responsibility entails drawing a line between what is right and what is wrong. The existence of a society is based on the fact that different ethics and morals are set which ought to be obeyed and strictly adhered to. In the knowledge context, ethical responsibility constitutes the need to use the knowledge acquired in the right way (Audi &Robert, 29).
The prerequisite of acquiring knowledge goes hand in hand with having some obligation. It is not all types of knowledge that require ethical responsibility. Practical examples of knowledge that requires ethical responsibility is knowledge of a crime. The person who comes across such information is morally and ethically under duty to treat it responsibly. The ethical responsibility consists the discretion of the party with the information. The possessor of the knowledge weighs the consequences that exist between keeping the information and revealing it. The test at this stage is based on the values of different individuals. The consideration of consequences in this case will differ from one individual to the other. Some people consider the number of the people that will be affected by the information while others are dictated by certain values.
The definition of knowledge dictates that knowledge exists with some values. The ethics and knowledge exists intertwined. The action behind knowledge is an element worth consideration. It is to be understood that every ethic constitutes a choice of values which are moved by action. The values are determined by the action that one chooses. Some scholars have stated that knowledge has an action implied from the reciprocal nature of actions. Many interpretations between ethics and knowledge have been easy since the two have been interwoven. The values coupled with knowledge have been based on the natural rights of man. Knowledge has been described as objective while values have been classified as non objective. Knowledge exists in a state of exclusive value judgment (Kizza &Joseph, 32).
The acquiring of knowledge is viewed as a neutral activity. The modern technology has already made it a duty. Under the dawn of modern technology, knowledge has been raised to a level of human responsibility. The greatest lesson learnt from modern technology is that the essence of knowledge is not to be based on the holder’s cleverness but ethics. The world wide quest for knowledge puts the duty of responsibility higher. The [public policy and private behavior towards this duty has become critically important. This essentially means that intelligence and knowledge levels are no longer enough and the test is grounded on the power to observe the duty of keeping or using the knowledge responsibly. At a time when knowledge has been modeled in the generation of economic and social advancement, the ethics holding it must be guarded cautiously. For that to be achieved there should be efforts to draw a line between the knowledge for public and private consumption. It should also be understood clearly the application of the said knowledge in the process of decision making. The thriving of human species has been said to be at stake if the individuals who possess certain language do not learn to use it in the suitable ways (Audi &Robert, 12).
The duty of responsibility towards knowledge should be highly guarded to avoid compromising the aspirations of human beings to exist on earth indefinitely. The working of institutions entrusted with the role passing over knowledge seems to have greatly diversified in the twenty first century. The pride in knowledge became part of the countries politics hence becoming a priority. The merging of different disciplines of knowledge has been common in the Twenty first century. The universities and other academic institutions have been criticized for creating an academic short circuit. This has been evidenced by the presence of intellectuals distinctions between the knowledge offered in universities and other places. Knowledge offered outside the university seems interwoven with the society’s social fabric (Audi &Robert, 42).
The knowledge use in the society has been considered as a voice to different parties in the society. Though knowledge has been misused by different individuals hence breaching the duty of responsibility, some advocacy is required to be staged up so as to address the issue of strengthening the compliance to that duty. Any body of knowledge created today is supposed to be geared towards the benefit of the society. A knowledge based society helps its inhabitants enjoy the benefits of knowledge in the society. There are some arguments put forward by the critics of technological knowledge. It has been argued that technological knowledge is limited to many aspects of society. On the same note, it has been stated that foreseeable conflicts in the future may not be resolved by technological knowledge (Audi &Robert, 62).
Different societal groups that are concerned with restoration of integrity in numerous groups have argued that creators have knowledge should always assess the kind of world of knowledge they want to create. For quite sometime the world has relied on science for many solutions. This includes diseases and other fundamental explanations to different phenomenon. The independence and reliance of science knowledge has been very instrumental in making sure that sustainable development is achieved in different societies. The contribution of certain theories towards enhancing the capacity of action has long been appreciated. Freedom of scientific knowledge has been advocated by many scholars. Although science has been considered as a solution to many problems facing mankind, it has also generated fears (Kizza &Joseph, 41).
The scientific information has been misused in the wrong hands and the results have been devastating. There have been some efforts to classify knowledge either in the unexpressed knowledge. However, in whichever classification, the management of knowledge has been very key in enabling that the duty of the responsibly safeguarding the knowledge has been emphasized. The threat of knowledge irresponsibility by globalization can not go unnoticed. This can be seen in analyzing the mechanisms available in forming rational ethics geared towards protection of human dignity. In the computer era, the nature of information is mainly on huge databases. These databases are under the care of hybrid people who have a duty to maintain cyber privacy. The common indicators on the issues that regulate the knowledge on the cyber privacy setting have been cultural aspects and individual’s skepticism. The cloning of knowledge has been through treating people as means of knowledge and also preservation of cyber knowledge ethics. In the above mentioned indicators of knowledge, it has been paramount to work towards preservation of knowledge.
Though it has been observed that there are certain generalizations on the knowledge perspectives it still remains clear that preservation of humanity beings interest. This is faced by the challenge of knowledge being abstract and general. Many decisions on knowledge treatment and preservation have clearly shown that there is a lot of Skepticism in whichever way of treating knowledge is adopted. The above mentioned generalizations have made it hard to have concrete decisions on the preservation of knowledge in specific situation. Extra morals situations have been cited as a mean for knowledge preservation. There has been more to the maintenance of the duty of treating knowledge responsibly. There is a lot of anguish generated by not treating knowledge as an identity which requires proper safeguarding. The complete and incomplete forms of knowledge are to be treated as able to generate anguish once handled without observance of responsible duty. The human freedom to invent and create knowledge can only be tamed by there being a duty to be observed (Audi &Robert, 22).
The human freedom to formulate knowledge has long been embraced but the need to create a body to regulate the created knowledge. Technology which has a core part to play in modern society has been used to investigate the impact of technologies knowledge. The prevention of misuse of knowledge at the technological era has been termed as technological misuse. The central question in the society which is based on the technological knowledge has been to get a way of including the social, economic and social aspects of life. The real questions to be addressed still move the focus from single body of knowledge to a whole institutions focus. Integration between the institutions and the industries and the governments towards the use of knowledge has been widely steered. (Morais &da, 15)
The benefits that technological knowledge has offered are many since it has changed the living standards of many societies. The benefits also come along with environmental and human risks. In recent years, studies have shown that knowledge has alienated people from nature and there has been a renewed concentration on political and industrial power through the use of knowledge. The maintenance of the knowledge power in the industries has offered a capital diverse situation instead of labor intensive situations. The results in this case have been the existence of increased rate of unemployment. The lack of proper mechanisms is that many kinds of damage are foreseeable. The society based on technological knowledge has experienced many technological negative effects. Some of the negative effects have been said to be uncontrollable. The specialization of technological knowledge safeguarding has been inefficient hence creating unbearable effects (Kizza &Joseph, 28).
Conclusion
Though there have been numerous efforts to reduce the breach of the duty that individuals have in the knowledge preservation, there is a great danger posed by the advent of technological knowledge. It is at a time whereby knowledge is placed in various communities.

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