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Information Architecture
Question 1
According to Garrett website designs is made up of five planes namely the surface, skeleton, structure, scope and strategy. Taking an example of a website like https://www.zalando.co.uk/, it is made up of the five planes but the user can only see and manipulate the topmost which is the surface. Basing on the elements of the plane’s structure, moving from one level to another from bottom to top makes factors that have to be dealt with more concrete and a little less abstract. The lowest plane, which is the strategy, all focus is put on the functionality and output of the website. Other planes apart from the surface are virtual to the user and they cannot see them despite them using it. Like the case of Zalando, the database that holds the clothes and user information is available but they cannot see it.
The surface, which happens to be the highest level plane puts more emphasis on the final appearance of the product. This is achieved because as we move from one low level plane to the highest level, the decision that must be met involve finer levels of details thus becoming more specific. Between the concrete high level element and the abstract low level plane, there lies other three planes. For them to operate, each one of them fully relies on the plane below it (Garrett, 22). In www.zalando.co.uk this process can be seen when the primary scope is to sell clothes and accessories, this helps in providing a general idea of the structure that will be used. After coming up the structure, a skeleton is then developed and various components like menus, bars, banners and pictures are categorically placed. The skeleton is then used to format and design the appearance of the surface which will form the link between the entire website and the users.
This dependency forms a ripple effect in that one cannot function without the existence of the one below it. The choices and decisions made in one plane have to align with the requirements of the plane below and above it or else the entire plane will either derail or deadlines will be missed. It is evident that the selection a person makes on a plane have a baring on the selections in the ensuing plane.
Question 2
There are various features existing in the web 2.0. The features I have chosen to highlight include usability and user generated content. In the development of checkup system, I would prefer to have usability as it means there is ease in the usage of the framework by the users. The system can be utilized by the non-experts without the need of much training. Mostly, among the uses include ensuring the system has a simple interface understandable to the users. There should be an effective navigation design present, and also a skeleton plane should be favorable to the user.
Regarding the other feature that relates to the user-generated content, the checkup system should be able to facilitate effective interaction of the users. Under this feature, a system should be able to offer additional information to the users concerning external links or internal links. For instance, when a user clicks on a particular word, the system should be able to offer additional information about that word. Mainly, it ensures assistance in times of difficulties when using a system.
Interoperability is the other feature that I would highlight requirement in the development process. Essentially, it is the ability of the system to collaborate with other systems or products. The framework should be able to exchange information with other systems and ensure efficiency and effectiveness.
Question 3
Information behavior involves the various ways individuals react and search for information. In the case of user-centered design, it is where the requirements and needs of the end users are taken into consideration through a framework of processes. It involves a number of stages throughout the design processes. There is the creation of a proper comprehension of the user’s needs through the use of user-centered design (Ding, Wei and Lin 1).
An example is a situation of a weekly action at a supermarket. The user is involved in a couple of processes and use of an application to attain information essentials. A user under this situation might decide to employ the individual website to search for information related to supermarkets. It might include healthy foods to be found in the store and various services and products offered. There can also be the utilization of mobile devices whereby there is the installation of applications capable of providing aid in shopping activities. An example might be the assistance in budget calculation cost for a week. There can also be enabling of cost comparison between different supermarkets. Visiting the supermarket and trying out their services and products is also another information behavior. The user might also decide to find information from critiquing based recommenders and also shopping.
In the case of user control, the mentioned above information behavior of utilization of shopping applications such as shopping.yahoo.com can be of assistance. The applications used by the user in the above situation serve as data intensive research. In the explore area, an example can be delivered to the user deciding to visit the supermarket and try out their products and services. The use of the mobile application to offer price comparison may be an example of infographic advocacy.
Question 4
Under the cognitive aspects, there exist the issue of brain interaction with checkup components like the blood pressure sensor. This component is employed to measure or detect any instance of rising or decrease in pressure of blood in patients. The patients are then placed under observation by the use of specifically developed equipment to take body data. This is achieved as body sensors are put in patient’s pressure points and keep a record of the regular body reading of the patient. The retrieved or measured data is taken and stored in a database for the purpose of future reference by the doctors or clinicians (Hassanalieragh, p. 286). The various physiologically characteristics of the patients are stored and compared against future readings of the patient. Importantly, the clinicians or the patients do not have to remember the previous readings to allow for efficient diagnosis. In the case of the blood pressure sensors, the patient needs not memorize the daily readings achieved. The readings are placed in a database under the unique id of the patient or name and later analyzed alongside the rest. Essentially, the sensors used presently have the ability to transfer the taken readings via Bluetooth. The doctors can also access the patient’s profile through the Internet via a specified web interface which retrieves the information from the health database.
However, there exists problems with the checkup components as patients not benefit from the information gathered by the checkup components. Notably, this can be attributed to the lack of patient understanding of the health procedures and ignorance of the importance of the information. Another problem may be patient misidentification which can occur when medical staffs confuse the patient’s information with another’s. The misidentification on the part of the doctor might lead to incorrect medication that can be fatal. There are also privacy issues related to the use this checkup system. Patient personal information may be accessed by an unauthorized party and maliciously used.
Works Cited
Ding, Wei, and Xia Lin. “Information architecture: The design and integration of information spaces.” Synthesis Lectures on Information Concepts, Retrieval, and Services. vol. 1 no.1, 2009, pp. 1-169.
Garrett, Jesse James. “The elements of user experience.” JJG [en línea] Disponible en: www.jjg. net/elements/pdf/elements. pdf [Fecha de consulta: 11/05/2010] (2000).
Hassanalieragh, Moeen, et al. “Health monitoring and management using Internet-of-Things (IoT) sensing with cloud-based processing: Opportunities and challenges. “Services Computing (SCC), 2015 IEEE International Conference on. IEEE, 2015.
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